Frequently Asked Questions


illumination

Illumination

Questions are submitted via email or generated internally and can be answered by anyone with a log in account.  In the first instance answers will need to be submitted by Cairn staff, but in the future we could look into opening this up to customers.

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led-light-sources

LED light Sources

The OptoLED can switch wavelengths in approximately 100 nanoseconds; effectively instantaneously in terms of biological measurements.  The Lite version has sub-millisecond performance which is sufficient for most applications. 

The OptoLED controls two LEDs independently, and it also give a very stable optical output thanks to its optical feedback option.  The LEDs can also be pulsed on and off extremely rapidly, with switching times on the order of 100 nanoseconds.  LED intensity is controllable either by varying a continuous current, or by varying the lengths of high-frequency current pulses, or some combination of the two.

optoscan

Optoscan monochromator

The Cairn Optoscan Monochromator has both an entrance and an exit slit, each having an independently settable width. The exit slit width, defines the bandwidth ONLY ASSUMING that the light passed into the monochromator is a beam of zero size.  This has a maximum of 30 nm.

Up to 150W for the light source and 250W for the Optoscan monochromator system.

microscope-couplings

Microscope Couplings

Our microscope couplings have individual X-Y centering and Z focussing control on all LED and light guide input ports.  For critical applications where it is vital that the light leaving the coupling is completely on-axis, or needs to be translated (e.g. a moving spot for photolysis) we can also add a tip / tilt control to the mirror cube. This is the same mechanism that we use for pixel alignment of two cameras in our TwinCam and can be fitted to any reflected port.

detection

Detection

image-splitters

Image-splitters

This is a routine application for the Optosplit as the product has had provision for corrector lenses in one or other pathway since its inception.  This facility was originally provided for correction of any chromatic aberration in the preceding optics but rapidly found a further application for deliberately defocusing one or other imaging pathway in order to allow different depths to be in focus at the same time!  Obviously for z plane splitting a beam splitter is used rather than a dichroic. 

High-magnification systems, such as microscopes, can introduce chromatic aberration, which means that images separated on the basis of wavelength may not simultaneously be in focus.   To correct for these aberrations we have a selection of lenses that can be 'dropped' into either (or both) pathways to ensure that both channels are in focus on the camera chip.  We have also made provision for focus trim adjustments in the individual optical pathways.

cameras

Cameras

Electron Multiplied (EM) cameras are valuable for low light applications, especially where signals are changing rapidly.  For example if a scientific cooled digital camera can deliver acceptable signal-to-noise images at 10 frames per second then an EM camera might be able to push this frame rate up to 100 frames per second.

optical-filters

Optical filters

 
Microscope exciter & mirror
DC/ET436/20x
DC/T455LP
 
Recommended ET filter sets for the Optosplit II
 
DC/ET485/32m - short emitter
DC/T510LPXR - dichroic
DC/ET535/30m - long emitter
 
This ET filter set will provide greater transmission and is recommended with the exciter and dichroic for the microscope (above)